Met Office Globally gridded radiosonde temperature anomalies HadAT Datasets (1958-2012)

The HadAT data are global radiosonde gridded temperature anomalies at standard levels (850, 700, 500, 300, 200, 150, 100, 50, and 30hPa) in the troposphere and in the lower stratosphere from 1958 to December 2012. This monthly timeseries are available on a 10 degree longitude by 5 degree latitude basis. This dataset supersedes the HadRT dataset. All values are anomalies relative to the monthly 1966-95 climatology.

The gridded product is derived from 676 individual radiosonde stations with long-term records. Because of the criteria of data longevity the resulting dataset is limited to land areas and primarily Northern Hemisphere locations. Radiosondes are single launch instruments and there have been many changes in instruments and observing practices with time. HadAT has used a neighbour-based approach to attempt to adjust for these effects and produce a homogeneous product suitable for climate applications.

Zonal averages were created by averaging all available gridbox values in each 5 degree latitude band. Large scale mean timeseries for the globe and the tropics (defined here as 20N to 20S) are simply cos(lat) weighted zonal mean field values. This reduces the spatial sampling bias towards Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes. Other plausible large-scale averaging techniques would impact the timeseries values calculated.

Cautionary note from the Met Office Hadley Centre

It is important to note that significant uncertainty exists in radiosonde datasets reflecting the large number of choices available to researchers in their construction and the many heterogeneities in the data. To this end we strongly recommend that users consider, in addition to HadAT, the use of one or more of the following products to ensure their research results are robust. Currently, other radiosonde products of climate quality available from other centres for bona fide research purposes are:

- Radiosonde Atmospheric Temperature Products for Assessing Climate (RATPAC)

- RAdiosonde OBservation COrrection using REanalyses and Radiosonde Innovation Composite Homogenization )

- IUK (Iterative Universal Kriging) Radiosonde Analysis Project

Also see a comparison with Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) data by Remote Sensing Systems (see links under Docs tab below) .

Date (Publication): 2005-12-10T03:04:09

Date (Creation): 2005-12-10T03:04:09

Citation identifier: https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/1205818e121bd8c12a6029f9cbd11a18

Citation identifier: NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre (NCAS BADC) / 1205818e121bd8c12a6029f9cbd11a18

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research (MOHC)		unknown	Author
Unavailable	Tett, Simon F.B.	Unavailable	Author
Unavailable	Thorne, P.W.	Unavailable	Author
Unavailable	Parker, Douglas E.	Unavailable	Author
NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre (NCAS BADC)		badc@rl.ac.uk	Custodian
NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre (NCAS BADC)		badc@rl.ac.uk	Distributor
NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre (NCAS BADC)		badc@rl.ac.uk	pointofContact
NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre (NCAS BADC)		badc@rl.ac.uk	Publisher

Maintenance and update frequency: Unknown

Update scope: Series

Keywords

Met Office
HADAT
radiosonde
temperature anomalies
Hadley

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

atmospheric conditions

Access constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: Access to data within this collection is restricted. Please see the individual datasets within this collection for further access details.

Use constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: Under the following licence https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/licences/specific_licences/ukmo_agreement.pdf, appropriate use of these data may fall under academic use. This message is intended as guidance, always read the full licence. When using these data you must cite them correctly using the citation given on the CEDA Data Catalogue record.

Spatial representation type: Grid

Language: English

Topic category

Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere

Begin date: 1958-01-01T00:00:00

End date: 2012-12-31T00:00:00

Unique resource identifier: WGS 84

Distribution format

Name	Version
Contact data centre for format details.

Distributor contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre (NCAS BADC)		badc@rl.ac.uk	Distributor

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/1205818e121bd8c12a6029f9cbd11a18	CEDA Data Catalogue Page

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/badc_datadocs/hadat/audit.html	BADC Doc: Summary of HadAT development

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://artefacts.ceda.ac.uk/badc_datadocs/hadat/uncertainty.html	BADC Doc: HadAT Uncertainty estimates

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ukmo-hadat/doc/jrl0301.pdf	Lanzante, J.R. et al., 2003

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ukmo-hadat/doc/jrl0302.pdf	Lanzante, J.R. et al., 2003

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005753	Thorne P.W. et al., 2005; Revisiting radiosonde upper air temperatures from 1958 to 2002, JGR-Atmospheres, D18, 110

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://www.univie.ac.at/theoret-met/research/raobcore/	RAdiosonde OBservation COrrection using REanalyses and Radiosonde Innovation Composite Homogenization

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ukmo-hadat/images/	HadAT Typically used Diagrams

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ukmo-hadat/doc/update_report.pdf	Coleman, H. and Thorne, P.W., 2005

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/weather-balloon/radiosonde-atmospheric-temperature-products-accessing-climate	Radiosonde Atmospheric Temperature Products for Assessing Climate (RATPAC)

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://web.science.unsw.edu.au/~stevensherwood/radproj/index.html	IUK (Iterative Universal Kriging) Radiosonde Analysis Project

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://www.remss.com/measurements/upper-air-temperature/validation	A comparison with Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) data

Hierarchy level: Series

Conformance result

Title: Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services

Date (Publication): 2010-12-08

Statement: Please see data lineage statements for each dataset within this collection for data lineage details.

Metadata

File identifier: 1205818e121bd8c12a6029f9cbd11a18 XML

Metadata language: English

Character set: UTF8

Hierarchy level: Series

Hierarchy level name: series

Date stamp: 2026-03-08T03:29:14

Metadata standard name: UK GEMINI

Metadata standard version: 2.3

Metadata author

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre (NCAS BADC)		badc@rl.ac.uk	Point of contact

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