Date (Creation)

2023-07-14

Date (Revision)

2023-07-14

Date (Publication)

2023-07-14

Date (released)

2023-07-14

Edition

1.0

Unique resource identifier

https://doi.org/10.5285/1ad461f3-ac80-447f-9e68-d755bd3e7fb6

Codespace

doi

Unique resource identifier

GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01764

Codespace

https://data.bas.ac.uk/

Unique resource identifier

NE/N011228/1

Codespace

award

Other citation details

Please cite this item as: Lloyd, J., Ribeiro, S., Weckstrom, K., Leng, M., Roberts, D., O'Cofaigh, C., & Callard, L. (2023). Multiproxy sediment analysis from marine sediment core PS100-198 collected during the cruise of RV Polarstern, PS100, to northeast Greenland, 2016 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/1ad461f3-ac80-447f-9e68-d755bd3e7fb6

Credit

No credit.

Status

Completed

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
Durham University	Lloyd, Jeremy		Author
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland	Ribeiro, Sofia		Author
University of Helsinki	Weckstrom, Kaarina		Author
British Geological Survey	Leng, Melanie		Author
Durham University	Roberts, David		Author
Durham University	O'Cofaigh, Colm		Author
Newcastle University	Callard, Louise		Author
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact

Maintenance and update frequency

As needed

Maintenance note

Completed

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords

• EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Microbiota Taxonomy > Foraminifers
• EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Sediments
• EARTH SCIENCE > Paleoclimate > Ocean/Lake Records

Theme

• Greenland

• dinocysts

• foraminifera

• marine cores

• paleoceanography

Place

• Norske Trough, Northeast Greenland continental shelf Arctic Ocean

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

• Habitats and biotopes
• Oceanographic geographical features
• Geology

Access constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

no limitations to public access

Access constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

no limitations

Use constraints

License

Other constraints

Open Government Licence v3.0

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

No restrictions apply.

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Spatial representation type

Text, table

Language

English

Character set

UTF8

Topic category

• Geoscientific information

Begin date

2016-07-18

End date

2016-09-06

Supplemental Information

It is recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of any data, and that the author be contacted with any questions regarding appropriate use. If you find any errors or omissions, please report them to polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk.

Title

European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) Geodetic Parameter Registry

Date (Publication)

2008-11-12

Cited responsible party

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
European Petroleum Survey Group		EPSGadministrator@iogp.org	Publisher

Unique resource identifier

urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031

Version

6.18.3

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Statement

Methodology:

A box core (PS100-198BC) and Gravity core (PS100-198GC) were collected from the location of PS100-198 during cruise PS100 of the RV Polarstern in 2016 to the Northeast Greenland continental shelf. The cores were split lengthwise, photographed and described on board before being wrapped and stored at 4 degrees C. Box and gravity core were x-rayed using a GEOTEK XCT scanner at Durham University. The gravity core was passed through a GEOTEX Multi-Sensor Core Logger at Durham University. Detailed methodology for the range of analyses undertaken is provided below:

Foraminiferal analysis: a sample volume of between 0.5 and 4 ml of sediment was soaked in deionised water for several hours then washed through 500 µm and 63 µm mesh sieves. The material retained on the 63 µm sieve was retained for foraminiferal analysis. Foraminifera were picked and counted from the wet residue under a binocular microscope immediately to reduce damage to agglutinated specimens and smaller, more fragile calcareous specimens.

Dinoflagellate cyst analysis: Samples for marine palynological analyses were taken from the box-core only, at a resolution of 2 cm for the upper 22 cm, and 2-4 cm for the lowermost part of the core (total of 18 samples). For each sample, 2-4 g of freeze-dried sediment were prepared at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, following a standard protocol and using the Lycopodium marker-grain method (Mertens et al. 2009). One Lycopodium-spore tablet was added to each sample prior to acid treatment. Acid treatment included removal of carbonates with room temperature 2 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) (for 24 hours) and removal of silicates with room temperature hydrofluoric acid (40 % HF) for up to 48 hours, followed by an additional HCl treatment (24 hours). The samples were then gently ultra-sonicated (30-45 sec), sieved and rinsed through an 11 µm-mesh nylon filter and pH neutralized. The organic residue was collected and mounted on a microscope slide with glycerol gelatin using a heating plate. Slides were analyzed with an upright light microscope (Olympus BX51/BX60) using Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) optics at 400x or 1000x magnification. Data presented here include relative abundances of the dinocyst taxa, concentrations of Halodinium spp. and total dinocyst concentrations as calculated by the marker-grain method.

Diatom analysis: Samples for diatom analysis were taken from the box core only, at 2 cm resolution. Diatom slides for identification and enumeration were prepared using standard palaeoecological methods (Battarbee, 1986) at the Marine Biology Laboratory, University of Helsinki. The sediment samples were treated with 30% hydrogen peroxide for 4 hours to remove organic material and with 10% hydrochloric acid to remove carbonates, and subsequently rinsed 4 times with deionized water. After the last rinse, a known concentration of microspheres was added into each sample for calculating diatom concentrations. A few drops of the cleaned sample were left to dry on cover slips and mounted onto permanent glass slides with Naphram(TM). Diatom taxa were identified with a Zeiss Axio Imager.A2 research microscope, Plan-Apochromat oil immersion objective, phase contrast optics and a total magnification of ×1000.

Carbon analysis: The concentration of Total Carbon (TC), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Total Inorganic Carbon (TIC) was measured from 41 samples taken at 1 cm intervals from the box core only, using an Analytik Jena Multi Elemental Analyser 4000. For each sample sediment was freeze-dried and ball milled and weighed into ceramic boats (20 - 30 mg for TC, 40 - 50 mg for TIC). Samples for TC were combusted at a high temperature (1000 - 1500 degrees C) in the presence of oxygen. Samples for TIC were first treated with 40% orthophosphoric acid to remove the organic carbon component before combustion...(37)

Data collection:

Sediment cores collected using a box corer and gravity corer. Core scanning data were collected using a GEOTEK XCT scanner and GEOTEK Multi-Sensor Core Logger. Total organic and total inorganic carbon was measured using an Analytik Jena Multi Elemental Analyser 4000. Foraminiferal stable isotope analyses were carried out using an Iso-Prime mass spectrometer with a Multicarb preparation system. For organic geochemistry hydrocarbon fractions were analyzed using an Agilent 7890 gas chromatograph (GC) fitted with 50 m fused silica Agilent J&C GC columns (0.25 mm internal diameter and 0.25 mm phase thickness) and coupled to an Agilent 5975C Series mass selective detector. The data were collected using ChemStation and analyzed using MassHunter quantification software.

Data quality:

For all microfossil groups (benthic foraminifera and dinocysts) a target count of 300 individuals was set. However, this was not always possible, but the total specimens counted is quoted for all samples. Some samples were also barren. Stable isotope results were calibrated to the VPDB (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite) scale of international standards with analytical precision for both isotopes of > +/- 0.05 percent. For organic geochemical analysis, the sea ice biomarker IP25 was identified on the basis of retention time and comparison of mass spectra with authenticated standards. The extraction and analytical error on the measurements, determined from measurements of standard sediments, is +/- 8 percent.

Sample resolution through the box core was every 1 cm for foraminiferal faunal and stable isotope analysis and every 2 cm for dinocysts, carbon and organic geochemistry (IP25). Analysis through the gravity core was restricted to foraminiferal faunal and stable isotope analyses. Sample resolution through the gravity core varied from every 4 cm (44 - 98 cm), decreasing to 16 cm from approximately 100 - 200 cm, then every 100 cm from 200 - 900 cm. The temporal resolution of sampling varied due to changing sedimentation rates as identified by the core age model.

Metadata

File identifier

1ad461f3-ac80-447f-9e68-d755bd3e7fb6 XML

Metadata language

English

Character set

UTF8

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Hierarchy level name

dataset

Date stamp

2023-07-14

Metadata standard name

ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata

Metadata standard version

ISO 19115:2003(E)

Metadata author

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact