31f301f5-5374-45c5-8db5-37ea43422b8d English ISO/IEC 8859-1 (also known as Latin 1) dataset dataset NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg Lancaster LA1 4AP UK info@eidc.ac.uk https://eidc.ac.uk/ EIDC website The Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC) is the UK's national data centre for terrestrial and freshwater sciences. information pointOfContact 2026-01-09T10:37:48 UK GEMINI 2.3 OSGB 1936 / British National Grid United Kingdom Butterfly Monitoring Scheme: collated indices 2013 2014-10-07 publication 1412699335353 CEH:EIDC: https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/31f301f5-5374-45c5-8db5-37ea43422b8d 10.5285/31f301f5-5374-45c5-8db5-37ea43422b8d doi: Botham, M., Roy, D., Brereton, T., Middlebrook, I., Randle, Z. (2014). United Kingdom Butterfly Monitoring Scheme: collated indices 2013. NERC Environmental Information Data Centre 10.5285/31f301f5-5374-45c5-8db5-37ea43422b8d Collated indices are a relative measure of butterfly abundance across monitored sites in the UK, calculated from data collected by the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Collated indices are calculated annually for each individual butterfly species that has been recorded on five or more sites in that year. Based on this criterion collated indices have been calculated for the entire UKBMS time series from 1976 to the current year for the majority of species. For some rarer species the time series starts in a later year due to lack of data. Collated indices are calculated using a statistical model that accounts for missing data. The number of sites for each species ranges from 5 to several hundred and varies from year to year. Since 2008 more than 1,000 sites have been monitored across the UK each year. Collated indices are calculated so that we can determine how butterfly populations are changing over time across the UK. This data can be used, for example, to determine where to target conservation efforts and to measure the condition of the UK countryside. Butterflies are recognised as important indicators of biodiversity and environmental change (e.g. as official UK Biodiversity Indicators), and have been used in numerous research studies to understand the impacts of changes in climate and the extent and condition of habitats. Although the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of the Collated indices, the collection of the data used in their creation is ultimately reliant on a large volunteer community. The UKBMS is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). This dataset is updated annually and more recent versions of the UKBMS collated indices are available. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/31f301f5-5374-45c5-8db5-37ea43422b8d UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology enquiries@ceh.ac.uk pointOfContact Butterfly Conservation info@butterfly-conservation.org pointOfContact UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme ukbms@ceh.ac.uk resourceProvider NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre info@eidc.ac.uk custodian Botham, M. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology enquiries@ceh.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5276-1405 ORCID record ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers. information author Roy, D. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology enquiries@ceh.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-0331 ORCID record ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers. information author Brereton, T. Butterfly Conservation info@butterfly-conservation.org author Middlebrook, I. Butterfly Conservation info@butterfly-conservation.org author Randle, Z. Butterfly Conservation info@butterfly-conservation.org author NERC Environmental Information Data Centre info@eidc.ac.uk publisher annually Main updates occur annually at the end of the year following data collection and collation at Butterfly Conservation. Species Distribution theme GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2008-06-01 publication lepidopteran butterfly GEMET - Concepts, version 4.1.3 2019-01-28 creation United Kingdom England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland GeoNames 2006-01-01 creation Biodiversity otherRestrictions Registration is required to access this data otherRestrictions Licence terms and conditions apply otherRestrictions If you reuse this data, you should cite: Botham, M., Roy, D., Brereton, T., Middlebrook, I., Randle, Z. (2014). United Kingdom Butterfly Monitoring Scheme: collated indices 2013. NERC Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/31f301f5-5374-45c5-8db5-37ea43422b8d textTable English utf8 biota 1974-04-01 2013-09-01 -8.648 1.768 49.864 60.861 Comma-separated values (CSV) NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre ukbms@ceh.ac.uk distributor https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/31f301f5-5374-45c5-8db5-37ea43422b8d.zip Supporting information Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset information https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/data/31f301f5-5374-45c5-8db5-37ea43422b8d Download the data Download a copy of this data download dataset dataset Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 Collated indices are produced using a series of statistical models on butterfly transect counts recorded by a volunteer network. These indices are a relative measure of each species' abundance across the UK compared to the baseline in 1976. The statistics are presented as log10 values. These values are centred around an arbitrary value of 2 as a mean for the time series in order to help show which years are below or above average (a technique used in other biodiversity indicators).