3ea504d8-41c2-40dc-86dc-284c341badaa eng utf8 dataset dataset NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information pointOfContact 2022-03-03 ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata ISO 19115:2003(E) European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) Geodetic Parameter Registry 2008-11-12 publication European Petroleum Survey Group EPSGadministrator@iogp.org https://www.epsg-registry.org/ EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset The EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset is a structured dataset of Coordinate Reference Systems and Coordinate Transformations, accessible through this online registry. information publisher urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 6.18.3 Ice radar data from Little Dome C, Antarctica, 2016-2018 2022-03-03 creation 2022-03-03 revision 2022-03-03 publication 2022-03-03 released 1.0 https://doi.org/10.5285/3ea504d8-41c2-40dc-86dc-284c341badaa doi GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01623 https://data.bas.ac.uk/ Please cite this item as: Mulvaney, R., King, E., Martin, C., Rix, J., Cavitte, M., Ritz, C., & Frezotti, M. (2022). Ice radar data from Little Dome C, Antarctica, 2016-2018 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/3ea504d8-41c2-40dc-86dc-284c341badaa The dataset consists of 14 selected lines of radar data, collected from the Little Dome C region close to Concordia Station in East Antarctica. The data were collected in austral field seasons 2016-17, and 2017-18, from within the search region for the planned European project Beyond EPICA - Oldest Ice, an EU-funded 10-nation consortium project to drill an ice core that spans up to 1.5 million years of climate and atmospheric history. Radar lines were recorded using the BAS DELORES sledge-borne, over-snow, ice radar system and geolocated with a precise GPS system. This data was generated within the project Beyond EPICA - Oldest Ice (BE-OI). The project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 730258 (BE-OI CSA). It has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number 16.0144. It is further supported by national partners and funding agencies in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands and the UK. Logistic support is mainly provided by AWI, BAS, ENEA and IPEV. Collection of this data also benefited from support by the joint French-Italian Concordia Programme, which established and runs the permanent station Concordia at Dome C. We particularly acknowledge those who collected the data in the field, and assisted with the processing: Robert Mulvaney, Massimo Frezzotti, Marie Cavitte, Ed King, Carlos Martin, Catherine Ritz, Julius Rix. No credit. completed Mulvaney, Robert British Antarctic Survey Researcher author King, Edward British Antarctic Survey Researcher author Martin, Carlos British Antarctic Survey Researcher author Rix, Julius British Antarctic Survey Researcher author Cavitte, Marie The University of Texas at Austin Researcher author Ritz, Catherine University of Grenoble Alpes / CNRS Researcher author Frezotti, Massimo Roma Tre University Researcher author NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information pointOfContact asNeeded completed EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets > Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets > Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Snow/Ice > Snow Stratigraphy EARTH SCIENCE > Spectral/Engineering > Radar > Radar Reflectivity EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets EARTH SCIENCE > Spectral/Engineering > Radar theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026-01-27 publication 23 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD United States of America https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher DELORES EPICA Little Dome C oldest ice radar theme Little Dome C region, centred approximately 35 km from Concordia Station Antarctica place Elevation Meteorological geographical features theme GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2021-01-06 revision otherRestrictions no limitations to public access otherRestrictions no limitations license Open Government Licence v3.0 otherRestrictions Data supplied under Open Government Licence v3.0 otherRestrictions No restrictions apply. url url dependency url url dependency doi doi crossReference url url crossReference url url largerWorkCitation url url largerWorkCitation textTable eng utf8 elevation geoscientificInformation 122.167 122.717 -75.417 -75.267 2016-12-14 2017-01-07 3224.0 3230.0 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::5714 MSL height Not specific to any location or epoch. Hydrography. It is recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of any data, and that the author be contacted with any questions regarding appropriate use. If you find any errors or omissions, please report them to polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information distributor image/png text/plain text/csv bytes 314782515 http://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=3ea504d8-41c2-40dc-86dc-284c341badaa WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download bytes 314782515 http://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=3ea504d8-41c2-40dc-86dc-284c341badaa WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download bytes 314782515 http://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=3ea504d8-41c2-40dc-86dc-284c341badaa WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download dataset Methodology: The ground based DELORES (DEep LOoking Radio Echo Sounder), system transmits a broadband impulse signal through a 20 m dipole antenna and receives reflections from the ice sheet base and internal reflecting horizons via a second 20 m dipole antenna. Signal/noise ratio is improved by moving the radar system slowly along the survey line with a high pulse repetition frequency, and 1024x onboard pulse stacking. Scattering losses are avoided by directly coupling the dipole transmit and receive antennae to the surface, orientated along-track. The ground based nature of the survey allowed for very tight line spacing to be achieved (generally 250 m or 500 m between lines); however, the total area of Little Dome C coverage was limited compared to the earlier airborne surveys. Data collection: The DELORES radar system raw data events file processed to a format suitable for import to a seismic processing package (ReflexW, version 7.5, Sandmeier Geophysical Research, 2017). Positional data for each shot is interpolated from the processed L1/L2 GPS position data recorded mid-way between the transmit and receive antennas and taken to be the nadir position of the basal radar reflection. Several filters are applied, in the time and depth domains, to increase the signal/noise ratio of the internal reflecting horizons and bedrock return, including suppression of the direct air wave, bandpass filtering, a gain function to correct for spherical spreading loss and migration to collapse diffractions to their source points. The original sampling period of 4 ns is averaged to 12 ns (expressed as 12000 ps) in the post-processed data. Because the collection of ground-based radar data is dependent on the speed of the vehicle, which varies due to the terrain roughness during collection, the radar data are interpolated onto a 5 m regular horizontal spacing during the post-processing. Data quality: Position data recorded by L1/L2 geodetic GPS, mounted along-track mid-way between the centres of the transmit and received dipole antennas. Rinex position data is recorded at 10 second intervals, and the Rinex files post-processed to account for satellite vehicle ephemeris, and atmospheric effects, using the Canadian Spatial Reference System - Precise Point Positioning available at Geodetic tools and data (nrcan.gc.ca). Note that the SEG-Y standard specifies that the Sample Interval in the Binary File Header should be expressed as microseconds for time data, and must be an integer. To overcome these limitations, the vertical sampling interval is expressed as 12000 picoseconds. asNeeded completed