Date (Publication)

2024-06-26

Citation identifier

https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355

Citation identifier

doi: / 10.5285/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355

Other citation details

Metcalf, R., Akinbobola, A., Quilliam, R. (2024). Characterisation, minimum inhibitory concentration, thermotolerance and virulence of Candida isolated from environmental plastic pollution, Scotland, 2023. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre 10.5285/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
University of Stirling	Metcalf, R.	rebecca.metcalf@stir.ac.uk	Point of contact
University of Stirling	Metcalf, R.	rebecca.metcalf@stir.ac.uk	Author
University of Stirling	Akinbobola, A.	Ayorinde.akinbobola@stir.ac.uk	Author
University of Stirling	Quilliam, R.	Richard.quilliam@stir.ac.uk	Author
NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre		info@eidc.ac.uk	Custodian
NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre		info@eidc.ac.uk	Publisher
University of Stirling		EMAIL NOT PROVIDED	Owner

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

• Human Health and Safety

Keywords

• Pollution

• Central Scotland

• antifungal resistance

• environmental pollution

• fungal pathogens

• plastisphere

• pathogenic yeast

• virulence

Access constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

no limitations

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

This resource is available under the terms of the Open Government Licence

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

If you reuse this data, you should cite: Metcalf, R., Akinbobola, A., Quilliam, R. (2024). Characterisation, minimum inhibitory concentration, thermotolerance and virulence of Candida isolated from environmental plastic pollution, Scotland, 2023. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355

Spatial representation type

Text, table

Distance

100  urn:ogc:def:uom:EPSG::9001

Language

English

Character set

UTF8

Topic category

• Environment
• Health

Begin date

2023-01-01

End date

2023-12-31

Unique resource identifier

OSGB 1936 / British National Grid

Distribution format

Name	Version
Comma-separated values (CSV)

Distributor contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre		info@eidc.ac.uk	Distributor

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/data/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355	Download the data

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355.zip	Supporting information

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Other

dataset

Statement

At each site, plastic was collected using sterile forceps and placed into sterile ziplock bags. Candida species were recovered from replicate composite samples of each plastic type from each site using selective media. Twenty-seven colonies were isolated, and glycerol stocks prepared and frozen at -20°C. Colony PCR was carried out with primers targeting the ITS region to identify the five common pathogenic species of Candida, i.e., C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. Different amplicon sizes were used to differentiate between distinct Candida species and three reference clinical pathogenic strains of C. albicans (strain SC 5314), C. glabrata (strain ATCC 2001) and C. tropicalis (strain CAY676), were included as positive controls. To further confirm the identity of each isolate, the ITS1 region was amplified and sequenced. All purified PCR products underwent Sanger sequencing and species identification was confirmed using NCBI’s Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. Each Candida isolate were subjected to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis to determine antifungal resistance following the European Committee on Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (EUCAST) antifungal MIC method for yeasts. Resistance to four antifungals at ten concentrations was examined: amphotericin B (0.008 – 4 mg/L), caspofungin (0.008 – 4 mg/L), fluconazole (0.125 – 64 mg/L), voriconazole (0.008 – 4 mg/L). To determine the thermotolerance profile, each isolate underwent an initial incubation at 18°C (simulating an environmental temperature) or 38°C (simulating human body temperature) for 24 h, before being moved to one of three different temperatures (18, 28 or 38°C) where their growth was measured. Absorbance at 570 nm was measured before and after incubation in a spectrophotometer to determine the growth of the isolates. Galleria melonella was used as an infection model to investigate the pathogenicity of the Candida isolates. Groups of 10 larvae were injected with 10 µL of Candida cells (105 CFU/larvae) into the hemocoel via the last right pro-limb. All experiments were conducted in biological triplicate. An inoculation of 10 µL PBS was used as a control to account for mortality caused by physical injury or infection by contamination. Following injection, larvae were incubated at 37°C, and survival evaluated every 24 h for a total of 120 h. Larvae were considered dead when they did not respond to a touch stimulus.

Metadata

File identifier

4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355 XML

Metadata language

English

Character set

8859 Part 1

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Hierarchy level name

dataset

Date stamp

2025-11-13T16:16:11

Metadata standard name

UK GEMINI

Metadata standard version

2.3

Metadata author

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre		info@eidc.ac.uk	Point of contact