4e80c4a2933344259a3f423715771952 English 8-bit variable size UCS Transfer Format, based on ISO/IEC 10646 932c79b1f7cd4f34b7c542f316f39c17 dataset NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk pointOfContact 2026-05-06T02:25:05 UK GEMINI 2.3 WGS 84 Chapter 3 of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure 3.16 (v20220105) 2022-03-11T13:37:02 publication 2022-03-11T13:37:02 creation https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/4e80c4a2933344259a3f423715771952 4e80c4a2933344259a3f423715771952 NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis 10.5285/4e80c4a2933344259a3f423715771952 doi Data for Figure 3.16 from Chapter 3 of the Working Group I (WGI) Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6). Figure 3.16 shows observed and simulated changes in Hadley cell extent and Walker circulation strength. --------------------------------------------------- How to cite this dataset --------------------------------------------------- When citing this dataset, please include both the data citation below (under 'Citable as') and the following citation for the report component from which the figure originates: Eyring, V., N.P. Gillett, K.M. Achuta Rao, R. Barimalala, M. Barreiro Parrillo, N. Bellouin, C. Cassou, P.J. Durack, Y. Kosaka, S. McGregor, S. Min, O. Morgenstern, and Y. Sun, 2021: Human Influence on the Climate System. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 423–552, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.005. --------------------------------------------------- Figure subpanels --------------------------------------------------- The figure has six panels, with data provided for all panels in subdirectories named panel_a, panel_b, panel_c, panel_d, panel_e and panel_f. --------------------------------------------------- List of data provided --------------------------------------------------- This dataset contains: - Modelled and observed trends of the Northern Hemisphere annual-mean subtropical edge latitude of the Hadley cell for 1980-2014 - Modelled and observed trends of the Southern Hemisphere annual-mean subtropical edge latitude of the Hadley cell for 1980-2014 - Modelled and observed trends of the Southern Hemisphere December-January-February subtropical edge latitude of the Hadley cell for 1981-2000 - Modelled and observed trends of the annual-mean Walker circulation strength for 1901-2010 - Modelled and observed trends of the annual-mean Walker circulation strength for 1951-2010 - Modelled and observed trends of the annual-mean Walker circulation strength for 1980-2014 --------------------------------------------------- Data provided in relation to figure --------------------------------------------------- Panel a: - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_ERA-Interim.nc; black dotted line - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_ERA5.nc; black solid line - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_JRA-55.nc; black dash-dotted line - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_MERRA2.nc; black dashed line - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip5hist.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and percentiles for red open box-whisker - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6GHG.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for brown filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6aer.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for light blue filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6amip.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and percentiles for orange open box-whisker - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6hist.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and percentiles for red open box-whisker, and multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for red filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6nat.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for green filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6stratO3.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for purple filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - lat in panel_a/NHedge_ANN_35yrs_cmip6pi.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and percentiles for blue open box-whisker Panel b: As Panel a, but with - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_ERA-Interim.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_ERA5.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_JRA-55.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_MERRA2.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip5hist.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6GHG.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6aer.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6amip.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6hist.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6nat.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6stratO3.nc - lat in panel_b/SHedge_ANN_35yrs_cmip6pi.nc Panel c: As Panel a, but with - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_ERA-Interim.nc; ERA-Interim - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_ERA5.nc; ERA5 - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_JRA-55.nc; JRA-55 - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_MERRA2.ncl MERRA2 - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_cmip5hist.nc; CMIP5 historical-RCP4.5 - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_cmip6GHG.nc; CMIP6 hist-GHG - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_cmip6aer.nc; CMIP6 hist-aer - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_cmip6amip.nc; CMIP6 AMIP - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_cmip6hist.nc; CMIP6 historical - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_cmip6nat.nc; CMIP6 hist-nat - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_1981-2000_cmip6stratO3.nc; CMIP6 hist-stratO3 - lat in panel_c/SHedge_DJF_20yrs_cmip6pi.nc; CMIP6 piControl Panel d: - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_20CRv3.nc; max-min range for grey diagonal hatching - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_CERA-20C.nc; max-min range for grey vertical hatching - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_ERA-20C.nc; grey dashed line - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_HadSLP2.nc; grey solid line - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_cmip5hist.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and percentiles for red open box-whisker - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_cmip6GHG.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for brown filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_cmip6aer.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for light blue filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_cmip6amip-hist.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and percentiles for orange open box-whisker - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_cmip6hist.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and percentiles for red open box-whisker, and multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for red filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_cmip6nat.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for green filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_1901-2010_cmip6stratO3.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and confidence interval for purple filled box, with ensemble means of individual models for black dots - dslp in panel_d/WalkerStrength_ANN_110yrs_cmip6pi.nc; multimodel ensemble mean and percentiles for blue open box-whisker Panel e: As Panel d, but with - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_20CRv3.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_CERA-20C.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_ERA-20C.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_HadSLP2.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_cmip5hist.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_cmip6GHG.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_cmip6aer.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_cmip6amip-hist.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_cmip6hist.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_cmip6nat.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_1951-2010_cmip6stratO3.nc - dslp in panel_e/WalkerStrength_ANN_60yrs_cmip6pi.nc Panel f: As Panel d, but with - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_20CRv3.nc - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_ERA-Interim.nc; black dotted line - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_ERA5.nc; black solid line - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_JRA-55.nc; black dashed-dotted line - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_MERRA2.nc; black dashed line - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_cmip5hist.nc - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6GHG.nc - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6aer.nc - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6amip-hist.nc - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6hist.nc - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6nat.nc - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_1980-2014_cmip6stratO3.nc - dslp in panel_f/WalkerStrength_ANN_35yrs_cmip6pi.nc Acroynms: Ann - Annual GHG - Greenhouse gas, aer - aerosol, CMIP - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, 20CRv3 - NOAA-CIRES-DOE Twentieth Century Reanalysis (V3), CERA-20C - Coupled climate reanalyses of the 20th century, HadSLP2 - Hadley Centre Sea Level Pressure dataset (HadSLP2), AMIP - Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP), JRA - The Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55), MERRA-2 - Global Modeling and Assimilation Office - NASA. --------------------------------------------------- Notes on reproducing the figure from the provided data --------------------------------------------------- Ensemble mean, interquartile ranges and 5th and 95th percentiles are calculated after weighting individual members with the inverse of the ensemble size of the same model, i.e. the inverse of the numbers given as the esize attribute in each variable. Suppose X(i) is the array of lat, and w(i) is the corresponding weight. - Mean should be suｍ_i(X(i) * w(i)) / sum_i(w(i)) - For percentile values, 1. Sort X and w so that X is in the ascending order 2. Accumulate w until i = j so that accumulated(w)/sum_i(w(i)) equals or exceeds the specified percentile level (e.g. 0.05) 3. Use X(j) or (X(j) + X(j - 1))/2 as the percentile value - Finally, multiply by 10 all numbers for unit conversion. Filled boxes and black dots are evaluated based on the models with minimum 3 ensemble members. Model ID of each ensemble member is given as the model_id attribute in each variable. For the confidence interval, first the ensemble average of individual models (with minimum 3 ensemble members) are calculated and then the confidence interval is evaluated based on t statistic. --------------------------------------------------- Sources of additional information --------------------------------------------------- The following weblinks are provided in the Related Documents section of this catalogue record: - Link to the report component containing the figure (Chapter 3) - Link to the Supplementary Material for Chapter 3, which contains details on the input data used in Table 3.SM.1 - Link to the code for the figure, archived on Zenodo Kosaka, Yu Unavailable author Unavailable author Cassou, Christophe Unavailable author Unavailable author Kazeroni, Rémi Unavailable author Unavailable author NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis custodian 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk custodian NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis distributor 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk distributor NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis point_of_contact 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk pointofContact NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis publisher 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk publisher notPlanned dataset IPCC-DDC IPCC AR6 WG1 WGI Sixth Assessment Report Working Group I Physical Science Basis Chapter 3 Figure 3.16 Human influence large-scale indicators Natural variability anthropogenically-forced change observed changes Figure 3.17 Global monsoon domain monsoon precipitation monsoon circulation global land monsoon precipitation Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon circulation index CMIP5 CMIP6 AMIP Hadley cell extent Walker circulation strength CMIP5 CMIP6 DAMIP atmospheric conditions theme GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2008-06-01 publication otherRestrictions Public data: access to these data is available to both registered and non-registered users. otherRestrictions Under the following licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, appropriate use of these data may fall under any use. This message is intended as guidance, always read the full licence. When using these data you must cite them correctly using the citation given on the CEDA Data Catalogue record. grid English climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -180.0 180.0 -90.0 90.0 1901-01-01T12:00:00 2014-12-31T12:00:00 NetCDF NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis Data Center Contact 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk distributor https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/4e80c4a2933344259a3f423715771952 CEDA Data Catalogue Page Detail and access information for the resource information http://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/ch_03/ch3_fig16/v20220105 DOWNLOAD Download Data download https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter_03_Supplementary_Material.pdf SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL FOR REPORT CHAPTER: Eyring, V., N.P. Gillett, K.M. Achuta Rao, R. Barimalala, M. Barreiro Parrillo, N. Bellouin, C. Cassou, P.J. Durack, Y. Kosaka, S. McGregor, S. Min, O. Morgenstern, and Y. Sun: 2021, Human Influence on the Climate System Supplementary Material. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change No further details. information https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter_03.pdf ORIGIN OF FIGURE (IPCC REPORT CHAPTER): Eyring, V., N.P. Gillett, K.M. Achuta Rao, R. Barimalala, M. Barreiro Parrillo, N. Bellouin, C. Cassou, P.J. Durack, Y. Kosaka, S. McGregor, S. Min, O. Morgenstern, and Y. Sun, 2021: Human Influence on the Climate System. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change No further details. information https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6656257 CODE FOR FIGURE (archived at Zenodo) No further details. information https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/chapter-3/figure-3-16/ LINK TO FIGURE No further details. information https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14986344 Complex Citation Object: CMIP6 input data usage information for IPCC WGI AR6 figure 3.16, Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14986344 No further details. information dataset Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 Data produced by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) authors and supplied for archiving at the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) by the Technical Support Unit (TSU) for IPCC Working Group I (WGI). Data curated on behalf of the IPCC Data Distribution Centre (IPCC-DDC).