4efaefac-b920-465b-90b9-5390d7fbbd26 eng utf8 dataset dataset NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information pointOfContact 2020-10-27 ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata ISO 19115:2003(E) European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) Geodetic Parameter Registry 2008-11-12 publication European Petroleum Survey Group EPSGadministrator@iogp.org https://www.epsg-registry.org/ EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset The EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset is a structured dataset of Coordinate Reference Systems and Coordinate Transformations, accessible through this online registry. information publisher urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 6.18.3 Meteorological and multi-scale topographic data from survey pole, UAV, TLS and ALS used to analyse glacier aerodynamic roughness on Hintereisferner glacier, Austria, August 2018 - VERSION 1.0 2020-10-27 creation 2020-10-27 revision 2020-10-27 publication 2020-10-27 released 1.0 https://doi.org/10.5285/4efaefac-b920-465b-90b9-5390d7fbbd26 doi GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01427 https://data.bas.ac.uk/ NE/L002574/1 award Please cite this item as: Chambers, J., Smith, M., Smith, T., Sailer, R., Quincey, D., Carrivick, J., Nicholson, L., Mertes, J., & Stiperski, I. (2020). Meteorological and multi-scale topographic data from survey pole, UAV, TLS and ALS used to analyse glacier aerodynamic roughness on Hintereisferner glacier, Austria, August 2018 - VERSION 1.0 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. UK Polar Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, UK Research & Innovation. https://doi.org/10.5285/4efaefac-b920-465b-90b9-5390d7fbbd26 Meteorological variables (wind speed, air temperature and wind direction) were collected using two wind towers. Photogrammetric data were collected using a pole-mounted digital camera and DJI Phantom 3 UAV. LiDAR data collected via terrestrial and airborne laser scanning. Fieldwork carried out at Hintereisferner glacier, in the Oetztal Alps region, Tyrol, Austria, from 1-15 August 2018 by Joshua Chambers, Thomas Smith and Mark Smith. Terrestrial laser scan (TLS) data collected by Rudolf Sailer. Airborne laser scan (ALS) data originally from Open Data Austria, see Sailer et al. (2012). One wind tower recorded for the entire study duration, the second was moved to different plots every ~4 days. Photogrammetric data were collected on 8, 10, 11, 12 and 13 August. TLS scans were split into upper- and lower-glacier, and completed on 3, 7, 12 and 16 August. Data were used to examine the relations between glacier aerodynamic roughness and sampling resolution, and to develop a correction factor for roughness derived from coarser resolution data. Fieldwork was funded by an INTERACT Transnational Access grant awarded to Mark Smith under the European Union H2020 Grant Agreement No. 730938. Joshua Chambers is supported by a NERC PhD studentship (NE/L002574/1). Ivana Stiperski was funded by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grant T781-N32. ***** PLEASE BE ADVISED TO USE VERSION 2.0 DATA ***** The VERSION 2.0 data set (see 'Related Data Set Metadata' link below) provides corrected glacier aerodynamic roughness calculated using the new model outlined in Chambers et al. No credit. completed Chambers, Joshua University of Leeds Researcher author Smith, Mark University of Leeds Researcher author Smith, Thomas University of Leeds Researcher author Sailer, Rudolf Universität Innsbruck Researcher author Quincey, Duncan University of Leeds Researcher author Carrivick, Jonathan University of Leeds Researcher author Nicholson, Lindsey Universität Innsbruck Researcher author Mertes, Jordan Lund University Researcher author Stiperski, Ivana Universität Innsbruck Researcher author NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information pointOfContact asNeeded completed EARTH SCIENCE > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Air Temperature EARTH SCIENCE > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets > Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets EARTH SCIENCE > Spectral/Engineering > Lidar theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026-01-27 publication 23 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD United States of America https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher SfM TLS aerodynamic roughness glacier multi-scale z0 theme Hintereisferner, Ötztal Alps, Tyrol, Austria Europe place Atmospheric conditions Elevation theme GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2021-01-06 revision otherRestrictions no limitations to public access otherRestrictions no limitations license Open Government Licence v3.0 otherRestrictions Data supplied under Open Government Licence v3.0 otherRestrictions No restrictions apply. url url crossReference doi doi crossReference doi doi crossReference doi doi crossReference doi doi crossReference doi doi crossReference url url crossReference url url crossReference textTable eng utf8 climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere geoscientificInformation imageryBaseMapsEarthCover 10.77 10.77 46.8 46.8 2006-08-01 2012-10-31 2507.0 3739.0 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::5714 MSL height Not specific to any location or epoch. Hydrography. It is recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of any data, and that the author be contacted with any questions regarding appropriate use. If you find any errors or omissions, please report them to polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information distributor text/plain text/csv image/tiff bytes 77175194 https://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=4efaefac-b920-465b-90b9-5390d7fbbd26 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download bytes 77175194 https://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=4efaefac-b920-465b-90b9-5390d7fbbd26 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download bytes 77175194 https://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=4efaefac-b920-465b-90b9-5390d7fbbd26 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download dataset Methodology: Instruments were placed at five levels on each tower (~0.3, 0.65, 1.22, 1.79 and 2.32 m above the surface, remeasured at each visit). For each, we used five NRG 40 cup anemometers, one NRG 200P wind vane and five shielded and passively-ventilated Extech RHT10 temperature and humidity loggers. Data were recorded on Campbell CR1000s with a 12 V battery stored at the base of each tower. Wind tower data were processed in MS Excel and then MATLAB. For photogrammetric surveys, camera specifications and survey area geometry were used to calculate the footprint of each image, which determined the distance between images required to achieve 60-80% overlap, and the number of images needed for the survey area. Images were predominantly nadir and followed a regular grid pattern, with an additional ~10% of images taken obliquely (< 20° off nadir). All survey plots were marked out using a regular grid of ground control points (GCPs), the locations of which were recorded using a Leica GS10 differential GPS, with a sub-centimetre mean accuracy for each plot. Data were processed using Agisoft Photoscan Professional Edition Version 1.4.0. Dense point clouds were imported into CloudCompare 2.10 for manual cleaning, and digital elevation models were created using linear interpolation with nearest non-empty neighbours, ensuring a regular grid shape with the top of the grid aligned with the direction of flow (roughly South-North).  A permanent in-situ Riegl VZ-6000 TLS was used to survey the majority of the glacier ablation zone using a near-infrared wavelength (1050 nm) suited to snow and ice surfaces (University of Innsbruck, 2020a). The TLS is housed in a climate-controlled container near the summit of "im Hinteren Eis" (46.79586° N, 10.78277° E, 3244 m a.s.l.). The point acquisition rate was approx. 23,000 points per second. Horizontal and vertical spatial resolution was ~0.17 m at 1000 m range, giving a theoretical density of 10 points per m2 mid-glacier, and 2 points per m2 at the head of the accumulation zone and near the terminus (University of Innsbruck, 2020b). Regional (gridded) elevation data were acquired for the entire Austrian Alps at 10 m pixel-1 resolution (Open Data Austria, 2020). This regional product was created by interpolation of 2.5 m ALS data obtained during flights over the Ötztal Alps, Tyrol, from 2006-2012 (Fritzmann et al., 2011; Sailer et al., 2012; Fischer et al., 2015). ALTM 3100 and Gemini ALS sensors were used in the Tyrol area, with an average density of 0.25 points m-1. TLS and ALS data were processed in CloudCompare 2.10. Data collection: Instrumentation NRG #40 cup anemometers NRG 200P wind vane Extech RHT10 temperature and humidity loggers Campbell CR1000 data loggers Leica GS10 differential GPS DJI Phantom 3 Olympus OMD EM-10 camera Riegl VZ-6000 Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) ALTM 3100 and Gemini Airborne Laser Scanner (ALS) sensors Software Agisoft PhotoScan Professional Edition (version 1.4.0) CloudCompare 2.10 ArcGIS ArcMap 10.6 Matlab R2019b Resolution Small plots: DEMs at resolutions of 0.005, 0.01 and 0.05 m pixel-1 Large/UAV plot surveys: 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 m pixel-1 Glacier-scale TLS/ALS: 5, 10, 20 and 30 m pixel-1 Data quality: Wind speed is ±0.05 m s-1 Wind direction is ±1 % Temperature is ±0.1 °C GPS accuracy <1 cm Photogrammetric 3D root mean square (RMS) error was ±0.03 m and RMS re-projection error was 1.66 pixels (2.6 µm) NoData values used either NaN in Matlab or -32767 as is convention in ArcMap. asNeeded completed