97802989-3f33-472f-9c59-87bb384ebdbe eng utf8 dataset dataset NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information pointOfContact 2024-05-03 ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata ISO 19115:2003(E) European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) Geodetic Parameter Registry 2008-11-12 publication European Petroleum Survey Group EPSGadministrator@iogp.org https://www.epsg-registry.org/ EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset The EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset is a structured dataset of Coordinate Reference Systems and Coordinate Transformations, accessible through this online registry. information publisher urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 6.18.3 Gridded fish and macro-zooplankton NASC values (15 to 400 m depth range) for the Barents Sea (2011-2016) 2024-05-03 creation 2024-05-03 revision 2024-05-03 publication 2024-05-03 released 1.0 https://doi.org/10.5285/97802989-3f33-472f-9c59-87bb384ebdbe doi GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01843 https://data.bas.ac.uk/ NE/R012571/1 award NE/R012679/1 award Please cite this item as: Proud, R., & Heath, M. (2024). Gridded fish and macro-zooplankton NASC values (15 to 400 m depth range) for the Barents Sea (2011-2016) (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/97802989-3f33-472f-9c59-87bb384ebdbe Raw (calibrated as per Demer et al., 2015) Simrad EK60 echosounder data (18, 38 and 120 kHz; Kongsberg Maritime, Norway) collected annually in August and September between 2011 and 2016 as part of the Barents Sea Ecosystem Survey (Eriksen et al., 2018) were obtained from the Norwegian Marine Data Centre (Institute of Marine Research, Norway). The data were used to evaluate the StrathE2EPolar (an end-to-end food web model incorporating ice-dependencies to simulate climate-fisheries interactions in the Barents Sea) model. Echosounder data were calibrated and processed (noise removed). Nautical-area-scattering coefficient (NASC, m2 nmi-2: average received echo energy over a given depth range scaled up to a square nautical mile) values were computed between 15 m (maximum vessel draft plus echosounder near-field for all surveys, vessels and frequencies) and 400 m (lower extent of StrathE2EPolar model domain). NASC values at 18 kHz were used as a proxy for fish biomass. NASC values at 120 kHz and where NASC 120 kHz > 38 kHz > 18 kHz were used as a proxy for macro-zooplankton biomass. NASC values were binned into a 0.5 by 0.5-degree grid and averaged to map the spatial distribution of fish and macro-zooplankton. Funded by NERC project Microbes to Megafauna Modelling of Arctic Seas (MiMeMo), NE/R012571/1 (lead), and NE/R012679/1. No credit. completed Proud, Roland University of St Andrews Researcher author Heath, Michael University of St Andrews Researcher author NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information pointOfContact asNeeded completed EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Acoustics > Acoustic Scattering EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Environment Monitoring theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026-01-27 publication 23 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD United States of America https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher Barents Sea Ecosystem Survey Echosounder StrathE2EPolar theme Barents Sea place Oceanographic geographical features theme GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2021-01-06 revision otherRestrictions no limitations to public access otherRestrictions no limitations license Open Government Licence v3.0 otherRestrictions This data is governed by the NERC Data Policy: https://www.ukri.org/who-we-are/nerc/our-policies-and-standards/nerc-data-policy/ otherRestrictions This data is governed by the NERC data policy and supplied under Open Government Licence v.3 otherRestrictions None. url url crossReference url url crossReference url url crossReference doi doi crossReference url url crossReference url url crossReference url url dependency url url dependency textTable eng utf8 biota environment oceans 8.09055 43.59055 69.50987 81.00987 2011-01-01 2016-12-31 It is recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of any data, and that the author be contacted with any questions regarding appropriate use. If you find any errors or omissions, please report them to polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information distributor text/plain text/csv bytes 77824 http://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=97802989-3f33-472f-9c59-87bb384ebdbe WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download bytes 77824 http://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=97802989-3f33-472f-9c59-87bb384ebdbe WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download dataset Methodology: Raw (calibrated as per Demer et al., 2015) Simrad EK60 echosounder data (18, 38 and 120 kHz; Kongsberg Maritime, Norway) collected annually in August and September between 2011 and 2016 as part of the Barents Sea Ecosystem Survey (Eriksen et al., 2018) were obtained from the Norwegian Marine Data Centre (Institute of Marine Research, Norway). Raw data were read using the pyEcholab python (version 3.7) package (https://github.com/CI-CMG/pyEcholab) and processed using the Echopy python package (https://github.com/open-ocean-sounding/echopy). Processing included identifying seabed (and removing detections at and below it), subtracting background noise, removing pings that were attenuated or that included transient noise, masking impulse noise (interference from other sound sources) and removing data that contained false bottom echoes (Ryan et al., 2015). Processed data were checked visually by plotting echograms for all surveys. Nautical-area-scattering coefficient (NASC, m2 nmi-2: average received echo energy over a given depth range scaled up to a square nautical mile) values were computed for the remaining data averaged over 1 km along track intervals (station data were not analysed) between 15 m (maximum vessel draft plus echosounder near-field for all surveys, vessels and frequencies) and 400 m (lower extent of SE2E model domain). NASC values at 18 kHz were used as a proxy for fish biomass. At this frequency, the contribution of smaller scatterers, such as zooplankton is expected to be < 1%. Fish, which contain gas-bladders, are very strong acoustic targets and will likely make up the majority of the received echo energy at this frequency (Proud et al., 2019). NASC values at 120 kHz and where NASC 120 kHz > 38 kHz > 18 kHz (i.e. Rayleigh scattering from small targets such as zooplankton) were used as a proxy for macro-zooplankton biomass (similar methods are used to discriminate Antarctic krill/zooplankton from fish in the Southern Ocean, see Brierley et al., 1998). Mean NASC values for both fish and macro-zooplankton over the period (2011-2016) were computed for each of the 12 locations where acoustic data were available (using NASC within 50 km of each location and weighted by 1/distance) for comparison with ECOSMO, and for both the Inshore and Offshore domains for comparison with SE2E. Bootstrap sampling was used to calculate confidence intervals (sample size was set to number of NASC values in dataset for each partition and number of iterations to 1000). NASC values were binned into a 0.5 by 0.5-degree grid and averaged to map the spatial distribution of fish and macro-zooplankton. Data collection: Instrument: Simrad EK60 echosounder data (18, 38 and 120 kHz). Software: 'pyEcholab' python package (version 3.7) (https://github.com/CI-CMG/pyEcholab) and processed using the 'echopy' python package (https://github.com/open-ocean-sounding/echopy). Data quality: Data were calibrated (as per Demer et al., 2015) and noise removed using standard methods. asNeeded completed