Chronological and biomarker reconstructed mean summer air temperatures (MSAT) for the past 6,000 years from lake sediments on Annenkov Island (near South Georgia) and the South Shetland Islands

The dataset contains chronological and biomarker compound and brGDGT (branched Glyceryl Dialkyl Glyceryl Tetraether) mean summer temperature (MSAT) data for the last c. 6,000 years from sediments extracted from Fan Lake on Annenkov Island (near South Georgia) and Yanou Lake, King George Island, South Shetland Islands. Temperature was reconstructed using the Pearson et al. (2011) global calibration and the Foster et al. (2016) Antarctic calibration. For the latter, we studied 32 lakes from Antarctica, the sub-Antarctic Islands and Southern Chile to: 1) quantify their GDGT composition and investigate the environmental controls on GDGT composition; and 2) develop a GDGT-temperature calibration model for inferring past temperatures from Antarctic and sub-Antarctic lakes. The downcore temperature reconstruction data produced using the new Antarctic brGDGT-temperature calibration were tested on Fan Lake and Yanou Lake to provide a proof of concept for the new calibration model in the Southern Hemisphere.

This study is an output of the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded Science Program, and was funded by NERC Studentship NE/J500173/1 to LF (BAS and Newcastle University) with additional support from: the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme through the Action - IMCONet (FP7 IRSES, action No.319718 and the ESF-funded IMCOAST project AP6 to SJR, both coordinated by the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Germany). Additional funding from the Natural Environmental Research Council (NERC-CASS), and the German Research Foundation (DFG project no. BR 775/25-1). Logistic support from the NERC-British Antarctic Survey (BAS), HMS Endurance and 892 Naval Air Squadron, the Alfred Wegner Institute (AWI) and the Instituto Antartico Argentino (IAA).

Alternate title: Polar Data Centre (PDC) record GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01244

Date (Publication): 2020-01-29

Citation identifier: http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/dms/metadata.php?id= / GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01244

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
British Antarctic Survey		pdc@bas.ac.uk	Custodian
UK Polar Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, UK Research & Innovation	Roberts, S., Pearson, E., Foster, L., & Juggins, S.	pdc@bas.ac.uk	Originator

Maintenance and update frequency: Unknown

Keywords

NDGO0001

NERC OAI Harvesting

NERC_DDC

GCMD Parameter Valids

EARTH SCIENCE > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Air Temperature
EARTH SCIENCE > Paleoclimate > Ocean/Lake Records > Sediments
EARTH SCIENCE > Paleoclimate > Paleoclimate Reconstructions > Air Temperature Reconstruction

BAS Free-text keywords

Antarctic
GDGT
Palaeoclimate
Southern Hemisphere
organic geochemistry
palaeolimnology
temperature reconstruction

Use limitation: This data is supplied under Open Government Licence v.3 http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/. Further by downloading this data the user acknowledges that they agree to cite the following references in any publication as follows :

Fan Lake

Foster et al. (2016) Development of a regional glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT)-temperature calibration for Antarctic and sub-Antarctic lakes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 433. 370-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.11.018

Strother et al. (2015) Changes in Holocene climate and the intensity of Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds based on a high-resolution palynological record from sub-Antarctic South Georgia. The Holocene, 25 (2). 263-279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614557576

Yanou Lake

Roberts et al. (2017) Past penguin colony responses to explosive volcanism on the Antarctic Peninsula. Nature Communications, 8, 14914. 16, pp. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14914

Access constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: This data is supplied under Open Government Licence v.3 http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/. Further by downloading this data the user acknowledges that they agree to cite the following references in any publication as follows :

Fan Lake

Foster et al. (2016) Development of a regional glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT)-temperature calibration for Antarctic and sub-Antarctic lakes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 433. 370-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.11.018

Strother et al. (2015) Changes in Holocene climate and the intensity of Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds based on a high-resolution palynological record from sub-Antarctic South Georgia. The Holocene, 25 (2). 263-279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614557576

Yanou Lake

Roberts et al. (2017) Past penguin colony responses to explosive volcanism on the Antarctic Peninsula. Nature Communications, 8, 14914. 16, pp. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14914

Language: English

Topic category

Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere
Environment

Begin date: 2007-01-01

End date: 2016-12-31

Reference system identifier: OGP / urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326

Distribution format

Distributor contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
Polar Data Centre - British Antarctic Survey		pdc@bas.ac.uk	Distributor

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
http		GET DATA

Hierarchy level: Dataset

Domain consistency

Measure identification: INSPIRE / Conformity_001

Conformance result

Title: INSPIRE Data Specification on unknown theme Guidelines

Date

Explanation: See the referenced specification

Pass: No

Statement: Reconstructed Temperature datasets:

The Pearson et al. (2011) calibration covers a temperature range from 1.5°C to 31.2°C. It doesn''t perform as well at the Antarctic sites since it has only 6 samples below 5°C. This results in an overestimation of the temperature in the lower end of the calibration range. The Foster et al. (2016) focused on increasing the number of lower temperature sites and creating a new regional calibration for Antarctic lakes. The Foster et al. (2016) calibration results should be used in preference for (sub)Antarctic lake data. Note temperatures are mean summer.

For the Yanou Lake (YAN) record, whole YAN-GDGT data set has two values that are above the 5th and 95th percentile outliers (< -0.33°C and >8.61°C). These are 11.32°C and 13.84°C at 1,660 cal a BP and 3,140 cal a BP, respectively. The Fan Lake dataset (FAN) contains three values above the 95th percentile value of 12.87°C between 3,440 and 3,550 cal a BP. Note that any values greater than the 10.3°C maximum limit of the Foster et al. (2016) calibration dataset should be treated with caution. The Foster et al calibration is better suited for use in colder lakes such as Fan Lake and Yanou Lake. As a result, it reproduced the C20th observational MSAT data for Fan Lake and Yanou Lake well, and better than the Pearson et al (2011) calibration. However, it also produced some unexpectedly high temperatures for some, but not all, samples older than 2 ka in the Fan and Yanou lake reconstructions.

We are currently investigating this. The most straightforward explanation is the need for more data in the upper end of the temperature gradient in the Antarctic (Foster et al. 2016) calibration dataset. To address this we are currently working on improving and updating the Antarctic, and global, lake GDGT-temperature calibrations.