ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7 English ISO/IEC 8859-1 (also known as Latin 1) dataset dataset NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg Lancaster LA1 4AP UK info@eidc.ac.uk https://eidc.ac.uk/ EIDC website The Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC) is the UK's national data centre for terrestrial and freshwater sciences. information pointOfContact 2025-11-13T16:23:23 UK GEMINI 2.3 WGS 84 Cleaned UK rainfall chemistry data (1986-2011) 2014-05-30 publication 1398956265930 CEH:EIDC: https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7 10.5285/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7 doi: Cape, J.N., Smith, R.I., Leaver, D.S. (2014). Cleaned UK rainfall chemistry data (1986-2011). NERC Environmental Information Data Centre 10.5285/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7 These data are based on the UK rainfall chemistry data held on the UK-AIR database operated on behalf of Defra (http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/). A subset of 20 sites was analysed, being those with the longest continuous data record from 1986 to 2011. Rainfall samples from bulk collectors were taken weekly or two-weekly at sites across the UK and analyzed by a central laboratory. The raw reported data contain some samples which were contaminated by bird droppings, or by wind-blown dust, and should not be used to estimate annual or long-term wet deposition at the measurement sites. Some samples were missing for other reasons, such as physical loss of the rain sample prior to analysis. Following identification and removal of contaminated sample data, the missing data were estimated, where possible, using statistical interpolation across both time and space with the GENSTAT procedure MULTMISSING. The final datasets contain the accepted and estimated data values, flagged as appropriate. The data filenames correspond to the sites as listed in the UK-AIR database (Allt a'Mharcaidh, Bannisdale, Barcombe Mills, Bottesford, Eskdalemuir, Flatford Mill, Goonhilly, High Muffles, Hillsborough, Loch Dee, Lough Navar, Preston Montford, Pumlumon, Stoke Ferry, Strathvaich, Thorganby, Tycanol Wood,Wardlow Hay Cop, Whiteadder, Yarner Wood). This cleaned dataset was prepared by Neil Cape, Ron Smith and David Leaver at CEH Edinburgh on behalf of Defra and the Devolved Administrations under the project Pollutant Deposition Processes. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7 Cape, J.N. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology enquiries@ceh.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-588X ORCID record ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers. information author Smith, R.I. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology enquiries@ceh.ac.uk author Leaver, D.S. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology enquiries@ceh.ac.uk author Cape, J.N. UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology enquiries@ceh.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-588X ORCID record ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers. information pointOfContact NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre enquiries@ceh.ac.uk custodian NERC Environmental Information Data Centre info@eidc.ac.uk publisher UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology enquiries@ceh.ac.uk owner notPlanned historical data Environmental Monitoring Facilities theme GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2008-06-01 publication atmosphere atmospheric precipitation GEMET - Concepts, version 4.1.3 2019-01-28 creation United Kingdom GeoNames 2006-01-01 creation Climate and climate change Allt a'Mharcaidh Bannisdale Barcombe Mills Bottesford Eskdalemuir Flatford Mill Goonhilly High Muffles Loch Dee Hillsborough Lough Navar Preston Montford Pumlumon Stoke Ferry Strathvaich Thorganby Wardlow Hay Cop Tycanol Wood Yarner Wood Whiteadder PrecipNet UK National Rainfall Chemistry Network rainfall chemistry cleaned dataset otherRestrictions no limitations otherRestrictions Licence terms and conditions apply otherRestrictions © UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology otherRestrictions If you reuse this data, you should cite: Cape, J.N., Smith, R.I., Leaver, D.S. (2014). Cleaned UK rainfall chemistry data (1986-2011). NERC Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7 textTable English utf8 climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere environment 1986-01-01 2011-12-31 -8.03 1.88 49.72 60.99 Comma-separated values (CSV) NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre info@eidc.ac.uk distributor https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7.zip Supporting information Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset information https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/data/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7 Download the data Download a copy of this data download dataset dataset Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 Stored data in the UK-AIR database, operated on behalf of the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) at http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/ were downloaded in 2012 for 20 of the PrecipNet sites with the longest data record, starting in 1986. Each sample entry was examined for internal chemical consistency and evidence of contamination, using the following rules: 1 ion balance: The ion balance was calculated as (Sum of(cations) - Sum of(anions)) / (Sum of(cations) + Sum of(anions)). Some imbalance may occur because not all ions are analysed, e.g. bicarbonate or weak organic acids, so that a small positive balance is usually observed. Data were regarded as acceptable where the ion balance lay in the range -10% to +20%, except where the overall ion concentration (Sum of(cations + anions)) was less than 200 microequiv/l, where the uncertainties in individual ion analyses at low concentrations could lead to a greater uncertainty in calculating the ion balance; in such cases the range was extended from -10% to +30%. 2 evidence of contamination: Samples with measured phosphate concentrations above 10 microequiv/l were eliminated. All samples with ammonium concentrations above 100 microequiv/l were examined, and those with potassium concentrations above 8 microequiv/l were eliminated. Finally, all samples with calcium concentrations greater than 50 microequiv/l which had higher calcium concentrations than sodium concentrations (in microequiv/l) were excluded as being contaminated with wind-blown dust. This last condition is rather conservative, i.e. some dust-contaminated samples may remain in the dataset; these usually were samples with very low sample volumes, so contributed little to the annual deposition. Following identification and removal of contaminated sample data, the missing data were estimated, where possible, using statistical interpolation across both time and space with the GENSTAT procedure MULTMISSING. The final datasets contain the accepted and estimated data values, flagged as appropriate.