BGS Hosted Metadata
Groundwater levels (2019-2021) and rainfall data (2020-2021) collected with a citizen science approach on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka
This dataset includes measurements of groundwater levels (2019–2021) and rainfall data (2020–2021), collected through citizen participation on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka. Karainagar, the study area, is one of seven islands located off the coast of Jaffna in northern Sri Lanka. This rectangular island is bounded on three sides by the Palk Strait, while the fourth side faces the Jaffna Lagoon and is connected to the mainland by a causeway. Karainagar covers an area of approximately 22 km², including inland water bodies. Seven dug wells used for domestic purposes were inventoried and monitored to track groundwater levels. Rainfall data were collected from six locations, including two schools, three households, and one village government office (Grama Niladhari Office). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/bce114d8-8f3b-49e0-90c6-f0788c1e9a0d
Simple
- Date (Publication)
- 2025-06-27
- Citation identifier
- https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/bce114d8-8f3b-49e0-90c6-f0788c1e9a0d
- Citation identifier
- doi: / 10.5285/bce114d8-8f3b-49e0-90c6-f0788c1e9a0d
- Other citation details
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Mahadeva, K.T., Suren, S., Mayuran, S., Kirishnaraja, S., Karthiga, I., Rameshwaran, P., Ketheesan, B., Sriskandarajah, N. (2025). Groundwater levels (2019-2021) and rainfall data (2020-2021) collected with a citizen science approach on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre 10.5285/bce114d8-8f3b-49e0-90c6-f0788c1e9a0d
- Point of contact
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Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Ponnambalam Rameshwaran
Point of contact Citizen Science Volunteer, Karainagar, Sri Lanka
Mahadeva, K.T.
Author Citizen Science Volunteer, Karainagar, Sri Lanka
Suren, S.
Author Citizen Science Volunteer, Karainagar, Sri Lanka
Mayuran, S.
Author Citizen Science Volunteer, Karainagar, Sri Lanka
Kirishnaraja, S.
Author University of Jaffna Karthiga, I. Author UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Rameshwaran, P. Author University of Jaffna Ketheesan, B. Author Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Sriskandarajah, N. Author UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Owner University of Jaffna EMAIL NOT PROVIDED
Owner NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre Custodian NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre Publisher
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GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
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Hydrography
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- Keywords
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- Hydrology
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Climate and climate change
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Dug Well
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Groundwater
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Hydrology
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Karainagar Island
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Rainfall
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Sri Lanka
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Water Level
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Citizen Science
- Access constraints
- Other restrictions
- Other constraints
- no limitations
- Use constraints
- Other restrictions
- Use constraints
- Other restrictions
- Other constraints
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If you reuse this data, you should cite: Mahadeva, K.T., Suren, S., Mayuran, S., Kirishnaraja, S., Karthiga, I., Rameshwaran, P., Ketheesan, B., Sriskandarajah, N. (2025). Groundwater levels (2019-2021) and rainfall data (2020-2021) collected with a citizen science approach on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/bce114d8-8f3b-49e0-90c6-f0788c1e9a0d
- Spatial representation type
- Text, table
- Language
- English
- Character set
- UTF8
- Topic category
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- Environment
- Inland waters
- Utilities communication
- Begin date
- 2019-01-01
- End date
- 2021-12-31
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- Unique resource identifier
- WGS 84
- Distribution format
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Name Version Comma-separated values (CSV)
- Distributor contact
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Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre
Distributor
- OnLine resource
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Protocol Linkage Name https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/data/bce114d8-8f3b-49e0-90c6-f0788c1e9a0d Download the data
- OnLine resource
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Protocol Linkage Name https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/bce114d8-8f3b-49e0-90c6-f0788c1e9a0d.zip Supporting information
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Other
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dataset
Conformance result
- Title
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Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services
- Date (Publication)
- 2010-12-08
- Statement
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A citizen science initiative engaged local well owners, trained volunteers, and schoolchildren in monitoring groundwater and measuring rainfall. Participants were taught to measure water levels using a tape specifically modified for groundwater monitoring, and to record rainfall using a Holman rain gauge. The dimensions of dug wells—including kerb height, diameter or width, and bottom elevation—were measured using a measuring tape. The locations of rain gauges, dug wells, and ground elevations relative to Mean Sea Level (MSL) were determined using a Global Positioning System (GPS) and land surveys. Daily rainfall time series data were obtained from the records of the Agrarian Services Centre (ASC) in Karainagar.
Metadata
- File identifier
- bce114d8-8f3b-49e0-90c6-f0788c1e9a0d XML
- Metadata language
- English
- Character set
- 8859 Part 1
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Hierarchy level name
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dataset
- Date stamp
- 2025-11-13T16:25:16
- Metadata standard name
- UK GEMINI
- Metadata standard version
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2.3
- Metadata author
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Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre Point of contact
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