Seasonal Mean, Minimum and Maximum Central England Temperature (HadCET) series v2.1.0.0

The Central England Temperature (HadCET) seasonal series starts in 1659 for mean temperature and 1878 for minimum and maximum temperature.

These historical temperature series are representative of the Midlands region in England, UK (a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Bristol, Lancashire and London).

The seasonal temperature series are derived as the mean of the monthly temperature series values.

Stations used in the construction of the CET daily series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick

Stations used in the construction of the CET daily series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College

The current station selection used is Rothamsted, Stonyhurst and Pershore College.

The dataset is compiled by the Met Office Hadley Centre.

Latest provisional release data are available via the Hadley Centre Observations website ( https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html).

The version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated.

The CET datasets employ the following version control protocol:

Version Vx.y.z.a:

• x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology

• y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages

• z – incremental changes

• a – reserved for use internally

The standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial

changes have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. (Note, these are applied to a cohort of datasets together - i.e. apply to the seasonal, monthly, daily and adjustment datasets as a coordinated version release).

This new version of the datasets supersedes the previous version.

Date (Publication): 2025-06-05T10:52:03

Date (Creation): 2025-06-05T10:52:03

Citation identifier: https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/ca43505702fa4eeeba4b65f1ce2c1e6a

Citation identifier: NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis / ca43505702fa4eeeba4b65f1ce2c1e6a

Citation identifier: doi / 10.5285/ca43505702fa4eeeba4b65f1ce2c1e6a

Point of contact

Organisation name	Electronic mail address	Role
Met Office	enquiries@metoffice.gov.uk	Author
NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis	support@ceda.ac.uk	Custodian
NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis	support@ceda.ac.uk	Distributor
NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis	support@ceda.ac.uk	pointofContact
NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis	support@ceda.ac.uk	Publisher

Maintenance and update frequency: Not planned

Update scope: Dataset

Keywords

HadCET
temperature
Hadley
Met Office

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

atmospheric conditions

Access constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: Public data: access to these data is available to both registered and non-registered users.

Use constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: Under the following licence http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/, appropriate use of these data may fall under any use. This message is intended as guidance, always read the full licence. When using these data you must cite them correctly using the citation given on the CEDA Data Catalogue record.

Spatial representation type: Grid

Language: English

Topic category

Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere

Begin date: 1659-01-01T00:00:00

End date: 2024-12-31T23:59:59

Unique resource identifier: WGS 84

Distribution format

Name	Version
Data are BADC-CSV formatted

Distributor contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis		support@ceda.ac.uk	Distributor

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/ca43505702fa4eeeba4b65f1ce2c1e6a	CEDA Data Catalogue Page

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ukmo-cet/data/v2.1.0.0/seasonal/	DOWNLOAD

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370120402	Parker, D.E., Legg, T.P. and Folland, C.K. (1992), A new daily central England temperature series, 1772–1991. Int. J. Climatol., 12: 317-342. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370120402

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15131212	Packman, S., & Met Office. (2025). Process flow of the Met Office HadCET daily and monthly series construction. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15131212

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49707934006	Manley, G. (1953), The mean temperature of central England, 1698–1952. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 79: 242-261. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49707934006

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://hadobs.metoffice.com/hadcet/graphs/index.html	HadCET plots for the current and previous years from the Hadley Centre

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/2e55ac8a-97ef-41bf-813a-f6499680dfb3/gdj3284-fig-0001-m.png	HadCET Representative Map

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/data_format.html	HadCET File Format Explained

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710042511	Manley, G. (1974), Central England temperatures: Monthly means 1659 to 1973. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 100: 389-405. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710042511

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1190	Parker, D. and Horton, B. (2005), Uncertainties in central England temperature 1878–2003 and some improvements to the maximum and minimum series. Int. J. Climatol., 25: 1173-1188. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1190

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15358568	Met Office, & Packman, S. (2025). HadCET v2.1.0.0 release notes. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15358568

Hierarchy level: Dataset

Conformance result

Title: Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services

Date (Publication): 2010-12-08

Statement: The HadCET dataset is produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre and frequently updated on the Hadley Centre observations datasets webpage. This is a finalised version of the dataset that has been delivered by the Met Office Hadley Centre for long-term archiving at the NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA).

Metadata

File identifier: ca43505702fa4eeeba4b65f1ce2c1e6a XML

Metadata language: English

Character set: UTF8

Parent identifier: f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36
f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36

Hierarchy level: Dataset

Date stamp: 2026-04-16T02:26:07

Metadata standard name: UK GEMINI

Metadata standard version: 2.3

Metadata author

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis		support@ceda.ac.uk	Point of contact

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