Date (Creation)

2021-01-26

Date (Revision)

2021-01-26

Date (Publication)

2021-01-26

Date (released)

2021-01-26

Edition

1.0

Unique resource identifier

https://doi.org/10.5285/f2de31af-9f83-44f8-9584-f0190a2cc3eb

Codespace

doi

Unique resource identifier

GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01459

Codespace

https://data.bas.ac.uk/

Unique resource identifier

NE/L002558/1

Codespace

award

Other citation details

Please cite this item as: Bodart, J., Bingham, R., Ashmore, D., Karlsson, N., Hein, A., & Vaughan, D. (2021). Dated radar stratigraphy of the Pine Island Glacier catchment (West Antarctica) derived from BBAS-PASIN (2004-05) and OIB-MCoRDS2 (2016/2018) surveys (Version 1.0) [Data set]. UK Polar Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, UK Research & Innovation. https://doi.org/10.5285/f2de31af-9f83-44f8-9584-f0190a2cc3eb

Credit

No credit.

Status

Completed

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
University of Edinburgh	Bodart, Julien		Author
University of Edinburgh	Bingham, Robert		Author
University of Liverpool	Ashmore, David		Author
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland	Karlsson, Nanna		Author
University of Edinburgh	Hein, Andrew		Author
British Antarctic Survey	Vaughan, David		Author
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact

Maintenance and update frequency

As needed

Maintenance note

Completed

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords

• EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets
• EARTH SCIENCE > Spectral/Engineering > Radar

Theme

• Englacial Stratigraphy

• Holocene

• ITGC

• Ice Penetrating Radar

• Pine Island Glacier

• Thwaites Glacier

• West Antarctica

Place

• Pine Island Glacier Antarctica

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

• Elevation

Access constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

no limitations to public access

Access constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

no limitations

Use constraints

License

Other constraints

Open Government Licence v3.0

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

This data is governed by the NERC Data Policy: https://www.ukri.org/who-we-are/nerc/our-policies-and-standards/nerc-data-policy/

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

. Further by downloading this data the user acknowledges that they agree with the NERC data policy (), and the following conditions:

1. To cite the data in any publication as follows:

Bodart, J., Bingham, R., Ashmore, D., Karlsson, N., Hein, A., & Vaughan, D. (2021). Dated radar stratigraphy of the Pine Island Glacier catchment (West Antarctica) derived from BBAS-PASIN (2004-05) and OIB-MCoRDS2 (2016/2018) surveys (Version 1.0) [Data set]. UK Polar Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, UK Research & Innovation. https://doi.org/10.5285/F2DE31AF-9F83-44F8-9584-F0190A2CC3EB

2. The user recognizes the limitations of data. Use of the data is at the users' own risk, and there is no warranty as to the quality or accuracy of any data, or the fitness of the data for your intended use. The data are not necessarily fully quality assured and cannot be expected to be free from measurement uncertainty, systematic biases, or errors of interpretation or analysis, and may include inaccuracies in error margins quoted with the data.

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Larger work citation

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Spatial representation type

Text, table

Language

English

Character set

UTF8

Topic category

• Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere
• Geoscientific information

Begin date

2004-12-11

End date

2005-01-21

Supplemental Information

It is recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of any data, and that the author be contacted with any questions regarding appropriate use. If you find any errors or omissions, please report them to polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk.

Title

European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) Geodetic Parameter Registry

Date (Publication)

2008-11-12

Cited responsible party

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
European Petroleum Survey Group		EPSGadministrator@iogp.org	Publisher

Unique resource identifier

urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031

Version

6.18.3

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Statement

Methodology:

Instrumentation and Processing:

The main radar data is from the British Antarctic Survey's PASIN system, flown over Pine Island Glacier in the austral season 2004-05. Data were collected with two interleaved radar modes.The first was a deep-sounding, 150 MHz centre-frequency, 4-microseconds, 10 MHz chirp mode and the second was a 150 MHz, 0.1-microseconds pulse mode designed to image shallow IRHs but from which we are also able to recover IRHs deeper (~2 km) in the ice column.

The second radar dataset used here is from NASA Operation IceBridge's MCoRDS2 system, flown in two separate surveys over Pine Island Glacier and nearby Thwaites and Institute Ice Stream catchments in 2016 and 2018. The system operated at a centre frequency of 190 MHz and a 50 MHz bandwidth. We used the CReSIS L1B standard products, produced with pulse compression, focused-SAR processing and along-track motion compensation.

For the purposes of increasing IRH traceability on the PIG-PASIN data, we quadratically detrended each radar trace, normalised each pixel in a moving vertical window, and then applied a 10-trace horizontal average to reduce incoherent noise. For both the PIG-PASIN and the OIB-MCoRDS2 data, we removed the air-to-ice two-way travel time and shifted the surface elevation to time zero, prior to exporting the data to standard 2-D SEG-Y format for data interpretation.

We conducted our IRH tracing in the Schlumberger Petrel 3-D seismic software using a semi-automated tracing algorithm that uses an adjustable window to track the local maxima of received reflected power between traces.

Methodology and Results:

We identified four prominent Internal Reflecting Horizons (or IRHs) that we term R1-4 in the PASIN and MCoRDS2 radar data. The upper three IRHs (R1-3) were chosen on the basis of high spatial continuity and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We used available crossovers between radar profiles as calibration points to trace the IRHs and relied upon the distinctiveness of our IRHs when tracing between crossovers (see Bodart et al., 2021 for more details).

We converted all our IRHs from time domain to depth using a value for the speed of electromagnetic waves through ice of 168.5 m/microseconds and applied a 10 m spatially-invariant firn correction. All our depth measurements are given in depth below the surface (set at 0 m).

The maximum uncertainty for the IRHs traced on the PASIN data is +/- 17 m, and +/- 14 m on the IRHs traced on the MCoRDS2 data. More details on how these were calculated can be found in Bodart et al. (2021). The IRHs were dated using intersection with the WAIS divide ice-core and with the use of a steady-state 1-D vertical-strain model.

Data Structure:

Each CSV file contains six columns:

(1) 'X' is the Cartesian x-coordinates in Polar Stereographic South (EPSG: 3031, -71 S) (units: meters).

(2) 'Y' is the Cartesian y-coordinates in Polar Stereographic South (EPSG: 3031, -71 S) (units: meters).

(3) 'Lon' is the longitudinal coordinate in WGS84 (EPSG: 4326) (units: degrees).

(4) '''Lat' is the latitudinal coordinate in WGS84 (EPSG: 4326) (units: degrees).

(5) 'Pick' is the pixel number below the ice surface of the radargram of that IRH.

(6) 'Depth' is the depth of the IRH below the ice surface (units: meters).

(7) 'RadarIceThick' is the ice thickness detected by the radar (units: meters). Missing values for radar ice thickness are shown as NaN.

(8) 'FlightID' is the radar flight line number or segment.

More information on the naming convention used for the CSVs can be found under 'Storage'.

Data collection:

BBAS/AGASEA PASIN survey: season 2004-05

NASA/OIB MCoRDS2 surveys: seasons 2016 and 2018

Data quality:

Uncertainties in IRH depths can be found in the Lineage section and in the paper. Missing values for radar ice thickness are shown as NaN.

Metadata

File identifier

f2de31af-9f83-44f8-9584-f0190a2cc3eb XML

Metadata language

English

Character set

UTF8

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Hierarchy level name

dataset

Date stamp

2021-01-26

Metadata standard name

ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata

Metadata standard version

ISO 19115:2003(E)

Metadata author

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact