Aerial survey of the Bjornstadt Bay, South Georgia, gentoo penguin colony during the 2021/22 season, flight number DPLUS_109_09

Aerial survey of the Bjornstadt Bay gentoo penguin colony during the 2021/22 season conducted using a RPAS (remotely piloted aerial system).

The aerial survey was conducted as part of the Darwin Plus (DPLUS) 109 project: Initiating Monitoring Support for the SGSSI-MPA Research and Monitoring Plan for the purpose of establishing a baseline population estimate of key indicator species around South Georgia.

Dataset includes the original images and log files, the original RINEX GNSS (global navigation satellite system) base station files, the post-processed GNSS and imagery data, along with the resulting georeferenced DSM (digital surface model) and an orthorectified mosaic of the imagery.

This dataset is from flight number DPLUS_109_09 and was carried out on 04/12/2021.

This work was supported by the Overseas Territories Environment and Climate Fund under Grant Darwin Plus ref: DPLUS109: Initiating monitoring support for the SGSSI-MPA Research and Monitoring Plan. Funding for this work was also received from the UK Blue Belt fund through GSGSSI.

Date (Creation): 2024-10-01

Date (Revision): 2024-10-01

Date (Publication): 2024-10-01

Date (released): 2024-10-01

Edition: 1.0

Unique resource identifier: https://doi.org/10.5285/f3f476bb-caf6-4341-8504-3827622bfc3b

Codespace: doi

Unique resource identifier: GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01890

Codespace: https://data.bas.ac.uk/

Other citation details: Please cite this item as: Fenney, N., Hollyman, P., Coleman, J., Fox, A., Trathan, P., & Collins, M. (2024). Aerial survey of the Bjornstadt Bay, South Georgia, gentoo penguin colony during the 2021/22 season, flight number DPLUS_109_09 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/f3f476bb-caf6-4341-8504-3827622bfc3b

Credit: No credit.

Status: Completed

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
British Antarctic Survey	Hollyman, Philip		Author
British Antarctic Survey	Fenney, Nathan		Author
British Antarctic Survey	Coleman, Jamie		Author
British Antarctic Survey	Fox, Adrian		Author
British Antarctic Survey	Trathan, Philip		Author
British Antarctic Survey	Collins, Martin		Author
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact

Maintenance and update frequency: As needed

Maintenance note: Completed

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords

EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Mammals

Theme

Aerial Survey
Digital Surface Model
Drone
Gentoo Penguin
Orthorectified Mosaic
South Georgia

Place

Bjornstadt Bay South Georgia Island

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

Oceanographic geographical features

Access constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: public access limited according to Article 13(1)(e) of the INSPIRE Directive

Use constraints: License

Other constraints: Open Government Licence v3.0

Use constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: Data supplied under Open Government Licence v3.0

Use constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: Data under embargo until publication.

Unique resource identifier: url

Codespace: url

Association Type: Cross reference

Unique resource identifier: url

Codespace: url

Association Type: Larger work citation

Spatial representation type: Text, table

Language: English

Character set: UTF8

Topic category

Imagery base maps earth cover

Begin date: 2021-12-04

End date: 2021-12-04

Supplemental Information: It is recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of any data, and that the author be contacted with any questions regarding appropriate use. If you find any errors or omissions, please report them to polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk.

Title: European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) Geodetic Parameter Registry

Date (Publication): 2008-11-12

Cited responsible party

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
European Petroleum Survey Group		EPSGadministrator@iogp.org	Publisher

Unique resource identifier: urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031

Version: 6.18.3

Distributor

Distributor contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk	Distributor

Units of distribution: bytes

Transfer size: 1

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link	http://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=f3f476bb-caf6-4341-8504-3827622bfc3b	Get Data

Hierarchy level: Dataset

Statement: Methodology:

Data collection:

Aerial survey conducted using a RPAS (AgEagle eBee X). The survey consisted of collecting overlapping imagery of the target area, with a minimum forward overlap of 80% and a side overlap of 60%. The altitude during acquisition was species specific, determined by the required ground sampling distance (GSD), but was generally between 80 m and 120 m AGL (above ground level). During the aerial surveys a geodetic Trimble GNSS base station receiver collected data.

Post flight processing:

Precise point positioning (PPP) was undertaken using the online Canadian Spatial Reference System PPP tool to generate the position of the base station during the survey. The PPP solution generated was then used to process the eBee X's onboard GNSS receiver using post-processed kinematic (PPK) processing within eMotion to improve the accuracy of the camera centres captured during flight. Once complete, the coordinates for each image was then updated in the EXIF data and reexported from eMotion as .jpg's.

Photogrammetry / final outputs:

Structure from motion photogrammetry was used to determine the exterior orientation (x, y, z, omega, phi and kappa (or roll, pitch, yaw)) of the camera during image acquisition using a combination of the PPK solutions and common points within the images. Once the camera centre and orientation for each image was determined, a dense point cloud was extracted of the surface within the target area. The dense point cloud was then transformed into a DSM, which in turn was used to resample the images onto a map projection, removing camera perspective and terrain distortions, in a process called ortho-rectification and resulted in a single complete mosaic of the imagery.

Please refer to Fenney et al. for further information on the data collection and post processing methodologies.

Data collection:

Data collection equipment:

UAV:

Manufacturer: AgEagle

Model: eBee X

Sensor: AgEagle Aeria X (RBG camera)

Flight management software: eMotion (version 3.20.0 and version 3.22.0)

GNSS base station:

Manufacturer: Trimble

Receiver model: R9s

Antenna model: Zyphr Model 2

Post-flight processing software:

Canadian Spatial Reference System Precise Point Positioning (CSRS-PPP, Version 3)

eMotion (version 3.20.0 and version 3.22.0)

Photogrammetry software:

Agisoft Metashape (version 1.8.4 build 14671) or Pix4D (version 4.7.5.).

Data quality:

Please refer to Fenney et al. for further information on the data collection and post processing methodologies.

PPP processing accuracy is reported in the CSRS PPP processing report (.pdf).

PPK processing accuracy (by image) is reported in the eMotion camera centre geoinfo file (.txt).

Data resolution

Target GSD of aerial survey (1.9 cm).

Resolution of final outputs:

DSM (4.2 cm)

Orthorectified mosaic (2.1 cm)

Metadata

File identifier: f3f476bb-caf6-4341-8504-3827622bfc3b XML

Metadata language: English

Character set: UTF8

Hierarchy level: Dataset

Hierarchy level name: dataset

Date stamp: 2024-10-01

Metadata standard name: ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata

Metadata standard version: ISO 19115:2003(E)

Metadata author

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact

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