Date (Creation)

2020-10-27

Date (Revision)

2020-10-27

Date (Publication)

2020-10-27

Date (released)

2020-10-27

Edition

1.0

Unique resource identifier

https://doi.org/10.5285/4efaefac-b920-465b-90b9-5390d7fbbd26

Codespace

doi

Unique resource identifier

GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01427

Codespace

https://data.bas.ac.uk/

Unique resource identifier

NE/L002574/1

Codespace

award

Other citation details

Please cite this item as: Chambers, J., Smith, M., Smith, T., Sailer, R., Quincey, D., Carrivick, J., Nicholson, L., Mertes, J., & Stiperski, I. (2020). Meteorological and multi-scale topographic data from survey pole, UAV, TLS and ALS used to analyse glacier aerodynamic roughness on Hintereisferner glacier, Austria, August 2018 - VERSION 1.0 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. UK Polar Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, UK Research & Innovation. https://doi.org/10.5285/4efaefac-b920-465b-90b9-5390d7fbbd26

Credit

No credit.

Status

Completed

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
University of Leeds	Chambers, Joshua		Author
University of Leeds	Smith, Mark		Author
University of Leeds	Smith, Thomas		Author
Universität Innsbruck	Sailer, Rudolf		Author
University of Leeds	Quincey, Duncan		Author
University of Leeds	Carrivick, Jonathan		Author
Universität Innsbruck	Nicholson, Lindsey		Author
Lund University	Mertes, Jordan		Author
Universität Innsbruck	Stiperski, Ivana		Author
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact

Maintenance and update frequency

As needed

Maintenance note

Completed

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords

• EARTH SCIENCE > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Air Temperature
• EARTH SCIENCE > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds
• EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets > Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography
• EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets
• EARTH SCIENCE > Spectral/Engineering > Lidar

Theme

• SfM

• TLS

• aerodynamic roughness

• glacier

• multi-scale

• z0

Place

• Hintereisferner, Ötztal Alps, Tyrol, Austria Europe

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

• Atmospheric conditions
• Elevation

Access constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

no limitations to public access

Access constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

no limitations

Use constraints

License

Other constraints

Open Government Licence v3.0

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

Data supplied under Open Government Licence v3.0

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

No restrictions apply.

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

doi

Codespace

doi

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

doi

Codespace

doi

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

doi

Codespace

doi

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

doi

Codespace

doi

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

doi

Codespace

doi

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Spatial representation type

Text, table

Language

English

Character set

UTF8

Topic category

• Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere
• Geoscientific information
• Imagery base maps earth cover

Begin date

2006-08-01

End date

2012-10-31

Supplemental Information

It is recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of any data, and that the author be contacted with any questions regarding appropriate use. If you find any errors or omissions, please report them to polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk.

Title

European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) Geodetic Parameter Registry

Date (Publication)

2008-11-12

Cited responsible party

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
European Petroleum Survey Group		EPSGadministrator@iogp.org	Publisher

Unique resource identifier

urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031

Version

6.18.3

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Statement

Methodology:

Instruments were placed at five levels on each tower (~0.3, 0.65, 1.22, 1.79 and 2.32 m above the surface, remeasured at each visit). For each, we used five NRG 40 cup anemometers, one NRG 200P wind vane and five shielded and passively-ventilated Extech RHT10 temperature and humidity loggers. Data were recorded on Campbell CR1000s with a 12 V battery stored at the base of each tower. Wind tower data were processed in MS Excel and then MATLAB.

For photogrammetric surveys, camera specifications and survey area geometry were used to calculate the footprint of each image, which determined the distance between images required to achieve 60-80% overlap, and the number of images needed for the survey area. Images were predominantly nadir and followed a regular grid pattern, with an additional ~10% of images taken obliquely (< 20° off nadir). All survey plots were marked out using a regular grid of ground control points (GCPs), the locations of which were recorded using a Leica GS10 differential GPS, with a sub-centimetre mean accuracy for each plot. Data were processed using Agisoft Photoscan Professional Edition Version 1.4.0. Dense point clouds were imported into CloudCompare 2.10 for manual cleaning, and digital elevation models were created using linear interpolation with nearest non-empty neighbours, ensuring a regular grid shape with the top of the grid aligned with the direction of flow (roughly South-North). 

A permanent in-situ Riegl VZ-6000 TLS was used to survey the majority of the glacier ablation zone using a near-infrared wavelength (1050 nm) suited to snow and ice surfaces (University of Innsbruck, 2020a). The TLS is housed in a climate-controlled container near the summit of "im Hinteren Eis" (46.79586° N, 10.78277° E, 3244 m a.s.l.). The point acquisition rate was approx. 23,000 points per second. Horizontal and vertical spatial resolution was ~0.17 m at 1000 m range, giving a theoretical density of 10 points per m2 mid-glacier, and 2 points per m2 at the head of the accumulation zone and near the terminus (University of Innsbruck, 2020b).

Regional (gridded) elevation data were acquired for the entire Austrian Alps at 10 m pixel-1 resolution (Open Data Austria, 2020). This regional product was created by interpolation of 2.5 m ALS data obtained during flights over the Ötztal Alps, Tyrol, from 2006-2012 (Fritzmann et al., 2011; Sailer et al., 2012; Fischer et al., 2015). ALTM 3100 and Gemini ALS sensors were used in the Tyrol area, with an average density of 0.25 points m-1. TLS and ALS data were processed in CloudCompare 2.10.

Data collection:

Instrumentation

NRG #40 cup anemometers

NRG 200P wind vane

Extech RHT10 temperature and humidity loggers

Campbell CR1000 data loggers

Leica GS10 differential GPS

DJI Phantom 3

Olympus OMD EM-10 camera

Riegl VZ-6000 Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS)

ALTM 3100 and Gemini Airborne Laser Scanner (ALS) sensors

Software

Agisoft PhotoScan Professional Edition (version 1.4.0)

CloudCompare 2.10

ArcGIS ArcMap 10.6

Matlab R2019b

Resolution

Small plots: DEMs at resolutions of 0.005, 0.01 and 0.05 m pixel-1

Large/UAV plot surveys: 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 m pixel-1

Glacier-scale TLS/ALS: 5, 10, 20 and 30 m pixel-1

Data quality:

Wind speed is ±0.05 m s-1

Wind direction is ±1 %

Temperature is ±0.1 °C

GPS accuracy <1 cm

Photogrammetric 3D root mean square (RMS) error was ±0.03 m and RMS re-projection error was 1.66 pixels (2.6 µm)

NoData values used either NaN in Matlab or -32767 as is convention in ArcMap.

Metadata

File identifier

4efaefac-b920-465b-90b9-5390d7fbbd26 XML

Metadata language

English

Character set

UTF8

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Hierarchy level name

dataset

Date stamp

2020-10-27

Metadata standard name

ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata

Metadata standard version

ISO 19115:2003(E)

Metadata author

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact