Date (Creation)

2024-05-03

Date (Revision)

2024-05-03

Date (Publication)

2024-05-03

Date (released)

2024-05-03

Edition

1.0

Unique resource identifier

https://doi.org/10.5285/97802989-3f33-472f-9c59-87bb384ebdbe

Codespace

doi

Unique resource identifier

GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01843

Codespace

https://data.bas.ac.uk/

Unique resource identifier

NE/R012571/1

Codespace

award

Unique resource identifier

NE/R012679/1

Codespace

award

Other citation details

Please cite this item as: Proud, R., & Heath, M. (2024). Gridded fish and macro-zooplankton NASC values (15 to 400 m depth range) for the Barents Sea (2011-2016) (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/97802989-3f33-472f-9c59-87bb384ebdbe

Credit

No credit.

Status

Completed

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
University of St Andrews	Proud, Roland		Author
University of St Andrews	Heath, Michael		Author
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact

Maintenance and update frequency

As needed

Maintenance note

Completed

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords

• EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Acoustics > Acoustic Scattering
• EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Environment Monitoring

Theme

• Barents Sea Ecosystem Survey

• Echosounder

• StrathE2EPolar

Place

• Barents Sea

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

• Oceanographic geographical features

Access constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

no limitations to public access

Access constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

no limitations

Use constraints

License

Other constraints

Open Government Licence v3.0

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

This data is governed by the NERC Data Policy: https://www.ukri.org/who-we-are/nerc/our-policies-and-standards/nerc-data-policy/

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

This data is governed by the NERC data policy and supplied under Open Government Licence v.3

Use constraints

Other restrictions

Other constraints

None.

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

doi

Codespace

doi

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

Cross reference

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

dependency

Unique resource identifier

url

Codespace

url

Association Type

dependency

Spatial representation type

Text, table

Language

English

Character set

UTF8

Topic category

• Biota
• Environment
• Oceans

Begin date

2011-01-01

End date

2016-12-31

Supplemental Information

It is recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of any data, and that the author be contacted with any questions regarding appropriate use. If you find any errors or omissions, please report them to polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk.

Title

European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) Geodetic Parameter Registry

Date (Publication)

2008-11-12

Cited responsible party

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
European Petroleum Survey Group		EPSGadministrator@iogp.org	Publisher

Unique resource identifier

urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031

Version

6.18.3

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Statement

Methodology:

Raw (calibrated as per Demer et al., 2015) Simrad EK60 echosounder data (18, 38 and 120 kHz; Kongsberg Maritime, Norway) collected annually in August and September between 2011 and 2016 as part of the Barents Sea Ecosystem Survey (Eriksen et al., 2018) were obtained from the Norwegian Marine Data Centre (Institute of Marine Research, Norway).

Raw data were read using the pyEcholab python (version 3.7) package ( https://github.com/CI-CMG/pyEcholab) and processed using the Echopy python package ( https://github.com/open-ocean-sounding/echopy). Processing included identifying seabed (and removing detections at and below it), subtracting background noise, removing pings that were attenuated or that included transient noise, masking impulse noise (interference from other sound sources) and removing data that contained false bottom echoes (Ryan et al., 2015). Processed data were checked visually by plotting echograms for all surveys. Nautical-area-scattering coefficient (NASC, m2 nmi-2: average received echo energy over a given depth range scaled up to a square nautical mile) values were computed for the remaining data averaged over 1 km along track intervals (station data were not analysed) between 15 m (maximum vessel draft plus echosounder near-field for all surveys, vessels and frequencies) and 400 m (lower extent of SE2E model domain).

NASC values at 18 kHz were used as a proxy for fish biomass. At this frequency, the contribution of smaller scatterers, such as zooplankton is expected to be < 1%. Fish, which contain gas-bladders, are very strong acoustic targets and will likely make up the majority of the received echo energy at this frequency (Proud et al., 2019). NASC values at 120 kHz and where NASC 120 kHz > 38 kHz > 18 kHz (i.e. Rayleigh scattering from small targets such as zooplankton) were used as a proxy for macro-zooplankton biomass (similar methods are used to discriminate Antarctic krill/zooplankton from fish in the Southern Ocean, see Brierley et al., 1998).

Mean NASC values for both fish and macro-zooplankton over the period (2011-2016) were computed for each of the 12 locations where acoustic data were available (using NASC within 50 km of each location and weighted by 1/distance) for comparison with ECOSMO, and for both the Inshore and Offshore domains for comparison with SE2E. Bootstrap sampling was used to calculate confidence intervals (sample size was set to number of NASC values in dataset for each partition and number of iterations to 1000). NASC values were binned into a 0.5 by 0.5-degree grid and averaged to map the spatial distribution of fish and macro-zooplankton.

Data collection:

Instrument: Simrad EK60 echosounder data (18, 38 and 120 kHz).

Software: 'pyEcholab' python package (version 3.7) ( https://github.com/CI-CMG/pyEcholab) and processed using the 'echopy' python package ( https://github.com/open-ocean-sounding/echopy).

Data quality:

Data were calibrated (as per Demer et al., 2015) and noise removed using standard methods.

Metadata

File identifier

97802989-3f33-472f-9c59-87bb384ebdbe XML

Metadata language

English

Character set

UTF8

Hierarchy level

Dataset

Hierarchy level name

dataset

Date stamp

2024-05-03

Metadata standard name

ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata

Metadata standard version

ISO 19115:2003(E)

Metadata author

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre		polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk	Point of contact