BGS Hosted Metadata
Groundwater levels, salinity, pH, and rainfall on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka, 2019–2024
[This dataset is embargoed until August 31, 2026]. This dataset includes measurements of groundwater levels, salinity, and pH collected from 36 dug wells, along with rainfall data, on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka, spanning the period from 2019 to 2024. Karainagar, the study area, is one of seven islands located off the coast of Jaffna in northern Sri Lanka. This rectangular island is bounded on three sides by the Palk Strait, while the fourth side faces the Jaffna Lagoon and is connected to the mainland by a causeway. Karainagar covers an area of approximately 22 km², including inland water bodies. Thirty-six dug wells—used for agricultural, domestic, Kovil (Temple), and public purposes—were inventoried. These wells were monitored to track groundwater levels and key physicochemical parameters, specifically salinity (measured as electrical conductivity, EC) and pH, on Karainagar Island. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358
Simple
- Date (Publication)
- 2025-05-28
- Citation identifier
- https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358
- Citation identifier
- doi: / 10.5285/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358
- Other citation details
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Karthiga, I., Rameshwaran, P., Ketheesan, B., Sriskandarajah, N. (2025). Groundwater levels, salinity, pH, and rainfall on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka, 2019–2024. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre 10.5285/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358
- Point of contact
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Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Ponnambalam Rameshwaran
Point of contact University of Jaffna Karthiga, I. Author UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Rameshwaran, P. Author University of Jaffna Ketheesan, B. Author Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Sriskandarajah, N. Author University of Jaffna EMAIL NOT PROVIDED
Owner UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Owner NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre Custodian NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre Publisher
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GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
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Environmental Monitoring Facilities
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GEMET - Concepts, version 4.1.3
- Keywords
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- Hydrology
- Climate and climate change
- Water quality
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Sri Lanka
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Karainagar Island
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pH
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Electrical Conductivity
- Access constraints
- Other restrictions
- Other constraints
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Embargoed
- Use constraints
- Other restrictions
- Use constraints
- Other restrictions
- Other constraints
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If you reuse this data, you should cite: Karthiga, I., Rameshwaran, P., Ketheesan, B., Sriskandarajah, N. (2025). Groundwater levels, salinity, pH, and rainfall on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka, 2019–2024. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358
- Spatial representation type
- Text, table
- Language
- English
- Character set
- UTF8
- Topic category
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- Environment
- Inland waters
- Utilities communication
- Begin date
- 2019-01-01
- End date
- 2024-12-31
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- Unique resource identifier
- WGS 84
- Distribution format
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Name Version Comma-separated values (CSV)
- Distributor contact
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Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre
Distributor
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Other
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dataset
Conformance result
- Title
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Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services
- Date (Publication)
- 2010-12-08
- Statement
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Groundwater levels and well dimensions (kerb height, diameter/width, and bottom elevation) were measured using a measuring tape. The locations of the dug wells and ground elevations relative to Mean Sea Level (MSL) were determined using a Global Positioning System (GPS) and land surveys. Salinity (measured as electrical conductivity, EC) and pH were recorded using a Hach HQ40D multi-parameter meter. Daily rainfall time series data were obtained from the records of the Agrarian Services Centre (ASC) in Karainagar.
Metadata
- File identifier
- ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358 XML
- Metadata language
- English
- Character set
- 8859 Part 1
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Hierarchy level name
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dataset
- Date stamp
- 2025-11-13T16:12:51
- Metadata standard name
- UK GEMINI
- Metadata standard version
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2.3
- Metadata author
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Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre Point of contact
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